Constitution Of India [ भारत का संविधान ] – Preamble, उद्देशिका

The Constitution Of India [ भारत का संविधान, Bhāratīya Saṃvidhāna ] is the supreme law of India. The document lays down the framework demarcating fundamental political code, structure, procedures, powers, and duties of government institutions and sets out fundamental rights, directive principles, and the duties of citizens. It is the longest written constitution of any country on earth. B. R. Ambedkar, chairman of the drafting committee, is widely considered to be its chief architect.

It imparts constitutional supremacy (not parliamentary supremacy, since it was created by a constituent assembly rather than Parliament) and was adopted by its people with a declaration in its preamble. Parliament cannot override the constitution.

B. R. Ambedkar and Constitution of India on a 2015 postage stamp of India It was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 26 November 1949 and became effective on 26 January 1950. The constitution replaced the Government of India Act, 1935 as the country’s fundamental governing document, and the Dominion of India became the Republic of India. To ensure constitutional autochthony, its framers repealed prior acts of the British parliament in Article 395. India celebrates its constitution on 26 January as Republic Day.

The Preamble Of Indian Constitution

The term ‘Preamble’ refers to the introduction or preface to the Constitution. It contains the summary or the essence of the constitution. The preamble to the Indian Constitution is based on the ‘Objective Resolution’ drafted and moved by Pandit Nehru and adopted by the Constituent Assembly. It has been amended by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act 1976, which added three new words, Socialist, Secular and Integrity.

N A Palkhivala, an eminent jurist and constitutional expert called the Preamble as the ‘Identity Card of the Constitution’. The importance and utility of the Preamble has been pointed out in several decision of our Supreme Court. Though by itself it is not enforceable in a court of law, the preamble to a written constitution states the objects which the Constitution seeks to establish and promote and also aids the legal interpretation of the constitution where the language is found to be ambiguous.

The words used in the preamble of our Constitution are some of the noblest. They embody the highest values that human ingenuity and experience have been able to device thus far. The Oxford University Political Science Professor Sir Ernest Baker was so moved by the text that he quoted it as a preface to his treatise and thought that it represented the quintessence of his work.

In the words of the learned Supreme Court of India, “The edifice of our Constitution is based upon the basic elements mentioned in the Preamble. If any of these elements are removed, the structure will not survive and it will not be the same Constitution or it cannot maintain its identity.

Thus, it was established that the basic elements or features of the Constitution as contained in the Preamble could not be altered by any amendment under article 368. But even though the Preamble is now taken to be an inviolable part of the Constitution and assures special position as an aid to interpreting the Constitution. It also remains a fact that it is neither a source of any power nor a limitation there on.

The Preamble Of Indian Constitution In English

 Components of Preamble

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